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VOLUME 56 , ISSUE 1 ( January-March, 2022 ) > List of Articles

Original Article

Risk Factors in Development of Early Childhood Caries in 12–18-month-old Indian Children: A Prospective Study

Puneeth Wadhwa, Ashima Goyal, Krishan Gauba, Harpinder Singh Chawla, Sanjeev Kumar Singh

Keywords : Child, Cohort studies, Deciduous teeth, Dental caries, Oral health, Pediatric dentistry, Preschool, Risk assessment, Risk factors

Citation Information : Wadhwa P, Goyal A, Gauba K, Chawla HS, Singh SK. Risk Factors in Development of Early Childhood Caries in 12–18-month-old Indian Children: A Prospective Study. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2022; 56 (1):7-12.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1559

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 19-02-2022

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2022; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aims and objectives: To assess the risk factors in the development of early childhood caries (ECC) in 12–18-month-old and also to develop a caries prediction model for the preschool children of Chandigarh and neighboring areas. Materials and methods: Involving 100 children (12–18 months of age) were initially evaluated for various risk factors viz. maternal history, infant feeding pattern, oral hygiene measures, levels of mutans streptococci, developmental defects of enamel, caries activity, and past caries experience. The children were then followed longitudinally for 18 months to investigate the development of ECC. Results: At 18 months, 95 children were available for reexamination, and after bivariate correlation analysis; it was found that approximately 11 variables showed a significant difference between children with and without caries. Logistic regression was also carried out to test the strength of correlation which showed mutans streptococci levels, the history of bottle feeding at night, and the presence of enamel hypoplasia to play a highly significant role in the development of ECC. Conclusion: Recognition of risk factors for ECC and their control and prevention will enable pediatric dentists to improve the oral health of young children.


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