Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research

Register      Login

VOLUME 56 , ISSUE 2 ( April-June, 2022 ) > List of Articles

CASE REPORT

A Child with Recurrent Pneumonia: Approach to Diagnosis and Management

Anvesh Reddy, Sachin Singh, Ketan Kumar, Kamal K Singhal, Kushaljit S Sodhi, Pankaj C Vaidya, Joseph LL Mathew, Meenu Singh

Keywords : Chronic granulomatous disease, Clinical approach, Recurrent pneumonia

Citation Information : Reddy A, Singh S, Kumar K, Singhal KK, Sodhi KS, Vaidya PC, Mathew JL, Singh M. A Child with Recurrent Pneumonia: Approach to Diagnosis and Management. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2022; 56 (2):94-100.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1563

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 07-06-2022

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2022; The Author(s).


Abstract

In children, recurrent pneumonia is defined as the occurrence of more than one episode of pneumonia within a single year, or greater than three episodes within any duration; with radiographically documented clearing between episodes. Although childhood pneumonia is one of the most common clinical problems in children; when a child presents with recurrent pneumonia, there are additional diagnostic considerations because most cases are associated with an underlying illness. A meticulous clinical approach and judicious choice of laboratory investigations tailored to the differential diagnoses can clinch the diagnosis and guide management. We describe the case of a 11-year-old girl, presenting with a history of recurrent pneumonia, and the clinical approach toward an unusual diagnosis.


HTML PDF Share
  1. Patterson TF, Thompson GR, Denning DW, et al. Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Aspergillosis: 2016 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2016;63(4):e1–60. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/63/4/e1/2595039 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciw326
  2. Wald ER. Recurrent and nonresolving pneumonia in children. Semin Respir Infect 1993;8(1):46–58. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8372275
  3. Rubin BK. The evaluation of the child with recurrent chest infections. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1985;4(1):88–98. Available from: http://journals.lww.com/00006454-198501000-00022
  4. Regelmann WE. Diagnosing the cause of recurrent and persistent pneumonia in children. Pediatr Ann 1993;22(9):561–568. DOI: 10.3928/0090-4481-19930901-08 Available from: http://journals.healio.com/doi/10.3928/0090-4481-19930901-08
  5. Wald ER. Recurrent pneumonia in children. Adv Pediatr Infect Dis 1990;5:183–203. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2183819
  6. Nahum AM, Harris JP, Davidson TM. The patient who aspirates – diagnosis and management. J Otolaryngol 1981;10(1):10–16. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6782250
  7. Russell FM, Reyburn R, Chan J, et al. Impact of the change in WHO's severe pneumonia case definition on hospitalized pneumonia epidemiology: case studies from six countries. Bull World Health Organ 2019;97(6):386–393. DOI: 10.2471/BLT.18.223271 Available from: http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/97/6/18–223271.pdf
  8. Yousif TI, Elnazir B. Approach to a child with recurrent pneumonia. Sudan J Paediatr 2015;15(2):71–77. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27493439
  9. Brand PLP, Hoving MFP, de Groot EP. Evaluating the child with recurrent lower respiratory tract infections. Paediatr Respir Rev 2012;13(3):135–138. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1526054211000194 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2011.02.005
  10. Kaplan KA, Beierle EA, Faro A, et al. Recurrent pneumonia in children: a case report and approach to diagnosis. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2006;45(1):15–22. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/000992280604500103 DOI: 10.1177/000992280604500103
  11. Zhang M, Zhu J, Wang Q, et al. Contrast enhanced MR angiography in pulmonary sequestration. Chin Med J (Engl) 2001;114(12):1326–1328. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11793865
  12. Owayed AF, Campbell DM, Wang EEL. Underlying causes of recurrent pneumonia in children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2000;154(2):190. Available from: http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?doi=10.1001/archpedi.154.2.190 DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.154.2.190
  13. White CJ, Gallin JI. Phagocyte defects. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1986;40(1):50–61. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0090122986900681 DOI: 10.1016/0090-1229(86)90068-1
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.