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VOLUME 58 , ISSUE 4 ( October-December, 2024 ) > List of Articles

RESEARCH ARTICLE

To Study the Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Patients with Cirrhosis and Its Impacts on Outcomes

Rohit Mattoo, Aman Gupta, Vijant Chandail, Rajesh Sharma, Shreenidhi Chandail

Keywords : Clinical outcomes, Liver cirrhosis, Sarcopenia, Skeletal muscle index

Citation Information : Mattoo R, Gupta A, Chandail V, Sharma R, Chandail S. To Study the Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Patients with Cirrhosis and Its Impacts on Outcomes. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2024; 58 (4):157-162.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1692

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 30-12-2024

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2024; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aims and background: Liver cirrhosis is a significant chronic disease that can be further complicated by sarcopenia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis. Materials and methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Jammu, from November 2021 to October 2022. A questionnaire was given to all patients with chronic liver disease, collecting their clinical history, examination findings, body mass index (BMI), mid-upper arm circumference, and skeletal muscle index (SMI) at the third lumbar vertebra (L3) vertebra. Results: A total of 82 patients were included in the study, of which 40 patients with sarcopenia. The mean age was comparable between patients with and without sarcopenia. The mean SMI at L3 of total study subjects was found to be 36.21 cm2/m2. The weight (55.8 vs 68.2 kg), BMI (20.60 vs 25.60 kg/m2; p < 0.01), abdominal girth (90.50 vs 98 cm; p = 0.008), mid-arm circumference (MAC, 20.70 vs 24.50 cm; p < 0.01), and SMI at L3 (28.64 vs 40.31 cm2/m2; p < 0.01) were significantly lower in patients with sarcopenia compared to patients without sarcopenia. There was a significantly positive correlation observed between sarcopenia and BMI (r = 0.61; p = <0.01), abdominal girth (r = 0.54; p = <0.01), and MAC (r = 0.57; p = <0.01). The hepatic encephalopathy (HE) was significantly lower in patients with sarcopenia compared to patients without sarcopenia (15 vs 28.57%). Conclusion: A high prevalence of sarcopenia was observed in patients with chronic liver disease, but it did not show a correlation with established prognostic scores for liver cirrhosis, such as Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) and Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP). Clinical significance: This study highlights the high prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with chronic liver disease, emphasizing the need for routine screening and early intervention. Despite its significant impact on physical health and muscle mass, sarcopenia did not correlate with established prognostic scores like MELD and CTP. These findings suggest that incorporating assessments of sarcopenia into the management of liver cirrhosis could improve patient outcomes by addressing an important yet often overlooked aspect of chronic liver disease.

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