Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research

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2015 | January-March | Volume 49 | Issue 1

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EDITORIAL

Rashmi Bagga

Remove the Fallopian Tubes and save the Ovaries: The Emergence of Opportunistic Salpingectomy to reduce Ovarian Cancer Risk

[Year:2015] [Month:January-March] [Volume:49] [Number:1] [Pages:1] [Pages No:0 - 0]

   DOI: 10.5005/jpmer-49-1-iv  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Medha Wadhwa, Pulkit Kalyan, Thanveer Kalantharakath

Knowledge and Attitude of Medical and Dental Postgraduate Students toward Practice of Biostatistics

[Year:2015] [Month:January-March] [Volume:49] [Number:1] [Pages:4] [Pages No:1 - 4]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1134  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Purpose

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) has appropriately focused attention on critical appraisal of clinical research. A result of this movement is that medical specialists must improve their grasp of epidemiological and statistical principles. This process necessitates a substantial level of expertise of the reader to appraise the design, methodology, data analysis, and interpretation of findings of relevant studies to arrive at conclusions. The foregoing requirements, together with the progressively increasing complexity of statistical methods, make information processing a complex task. This ‘gap’ between health science researchers and the understanding of mathematics and the statistical methods could justify the disinterest of a considerable part of clinical researchers and postgraduate students.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted on all the enrolled medical and dental postgraduate students of 3 years belonging to the Sumandeep Vidyapeeth. The study subjects were distributed questionnaire that consisted of 2 parts which had questions related to the attitude and knowledge regarding the practice of biostatistics among the study subjects.

Results

The level of knowledge among the postgraduates was moderate and the attitude was found to be highly positive. Significant results were obtained that showed that the knowledge and attitude toward practice of biostatistics are strongly associated with each other with correlation coefficient to be 0.82.

Conclusion

The knowledge and attitude of medical and dental postgraduate students was found to be highly correlated indicating that with higher level of attitude increased knowledge can be acquired for practice of biostatistics among them. Biostatistics is perceived as an important element of EBM and incorporating it into EBM practice and curriculum would pave new ways into research field.

How to cite this article

Wadhwa M, Kalyan P, Kalantharakath T. Knowledge and Attitude of Medical and Dental Postgraduate Students toward Practice of Biostatistics. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(1):1-4.

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Saumyajit Basu, Agnivesh Tikoo, Farid H Malik, Jay Deep Ghosh, Mantu Jain, Trinanjan Sarangi

Percutaneous C-arm-guided Wide Bore Needle Biopsy for Intraosseous Spinal Lesions

[Year:2015] [Month:January-March] [Volume:49] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:5 - 9]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1135  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Study design

Retrospective analysis of data of those patients who underwent a percutaneous transpedicular biopsy at our hospital was done. All patients had a bony lesion in a vertebra (thoracic, lumbar, sacrum) without a soft tissue component around the bone and neurodeficit.

Objective

To analyze the role of percutaneous wide bore needle biopsy in vertebral lesions without any soft tissue component.

Summary of background data

Adequate treatment of spinal lesions requires formulation of diagnosis-best achieved by a tissue biopsy when all attempts at diagnosis fail by noninvasive methods. Percutaneous CT guided fine needle biopsy is technically difficult in intraosseous lesions leading to frequent inconclusive results and hence the necessity of wide bore needle biopsy.

Materials and methods

Retrospective analysis of data of 26 patients with mean age of 58.8 years who underwent a percutaneous transpedicular biopsy at our hospital was done. All patients had a bony lesion in a vertebra (thoracic, lumbar, saccrum) without a soft tissue component around the bone and neurodeficit. The procedure was done under local anesthesia with sedation.

Results

Positive diagnosis was achieved in 23 out of 26, i.e. 88.4% of cases (adequacy). Out of 26, there were 13 cases of malignancy (50%), 8 cases of tuberculosis (30.7%), 2 cases of osteoporosis (7.6%) and biopsy was inconclusive in 3 (11.5%) cases. Of the 13 malignancies, 7 cases were of metastasis (53.8%), 5 cases of plasmocytoma (38.4%) and 1 case of lymphoma (7.6%).

Conclusion

Percutaneous biopsy under fluoroscopic guidance by transpedicular approach is quite safe and gives high adequacy (88.4%) without significant complications that are associated with open and paraspinal techniques.

How to cite this article

Basu S, Tikoo A, Malik FH, Ghosh JD, Jain M, Sarangi T. Percutaneous C-arm-guided Wide Bore Needle Biopsy for Intraosseous Spinal Lesions. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(1):5-9.

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Kusum Joshi, Vinay Sakhuja, Ranjana Walker Minz, Seema Chhabra, N Khirwadkar, Neelam Pasricha, Ranjit Bhardwaj

Direct Immunofluorescence of Renal Biopsy: Perspective of an Immunopathologist

[Year:2015] [Month:January-March] [Volume:49] [Number:1] [Pages:8] [Pages No:10 - 17]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1136  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aims

This study was undertaken to analyze the strength of direct immunofluorescence microscopy in the diagnoses of renal diseases vis-á-vis histopathology. An attempt was also made to present advantages and pitfalls of this age old technique.

Settings and design

A total of 250 consecutive renal biopsies received over a period of 1 year were analyzed. The histopatholgy and direct immunofluorescence slides were reported by two separate pathologists and later compared to reach a final diagnosis.

Results

Two cores examined by histopatholgy and direct immunofluorescence microscopy yielded a final diagnosis in 98% cases. In 2% of renal biopsies (4 biopsies with a ‘descriptive’ label and 1 case of amyloid like nephropathy), additional diagnostic aids like electron microscopy were required to clinch a conclusive diagnosis. No case of anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis or hereditary glomerular disease was observed over 1 year period under review.

Conclusion

Direct immunofluorescence helped to detect IgA nephropathy (5% cases), it incresed the sensitivity of detection of focal segmental glomeulosclerosis (23 more cases) and membranous glomerulopathy (2 more cases). It helped in detection as well as grading of glomerulonephritis in lupus nephritis. Crescentic glomerulonephritis could be further categorized into immune complex and pauci-immune subtypes. Immunofluorescent dye thioflavin T proved out to be a very sensitive dye for detection of amyloidosis. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis/ diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis cases were less well discriminated by direct immunofluorescence than histopathology. Two percent of renal biopsies (2 cases of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, 1 case of membranous glomerulopathy, 1 case of mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis) were false negative on direct immunofluorescence implying technical errors. Thus, correct diagnosis of glomerulonephritis requires direct immunofluorescence microscopy in parallel with light microscopic examination and also correlation with clinical features, serological as well as biochemical parameters. In less than 2% of patients, electron microscopy might be essential.

How to cite this article

Minz RW, Chhabra S, Joshi K, Khirwadkar N, Sakhuja V, Pasricha N, Bhardwaj R. Direct Immunofluorescence of Renal Biopsy: Perspective of an Immunopathologist. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(1):10-17.

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Shweta Shenoy, Jaspal Singh Sandhu, Amrinder Singh

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Risk Factors among Urban Sikh Population of Amritsar

[Year:2015] [Month:January-March] [Volume:49] [Number:1] [Pages:8] [Pages No:18 - 25]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1137  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Singh A, Shenoy S, Sandhu JS. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and its Risk Factors among Urban Sikh Population of Amritsar. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(1):18-25.

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Sukhpal Kaur, Amarjeet Singh, Mandeep S Dhillon, Manoj K Tewari, Parabjyot Kaur Sekhon

Incidence of Bedsore among the admitted Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital

[Year:2015] [Month:January-March] [Volume:49] [Number:1] [Pages:6] [Pages No:26 - 31]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1138  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background and objective

Bedsore is a disruptive and often disabling condition affecting bedridden, infirm, debilitated and malnourished patients. We looked at the incidence of bedsores among the admitted patients in a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and methods

This was an observational cohort study covering 2408 patients. The patients were followed up every alternative day from the day of admission till their discharge/ death from the hospital. Katz index of independence in activities of daily living was used to evaluate the level of functional dependence of patients. Braden scale was used to assess the risk factors for the formation of bedsores.

Results

A pooled incidence of 5.9% was estimated. The incidence of bedsore was maximum in intensive care units (9.4%), followed by orthopedic units (8%), emergency wards (7.7%) and neurosurgical units (6%). Mean age was 44.6 ± 17.56 (14-90 years). Unconscious patients, those admitted through emergency, and those who stayed longer in emergency and on IV fluids had a significantly higher chance of developing bedsores. This was also true for patients on Jejunostomy/Gastrostomy feed or total parenteral nutrition (TPN); who needed elevation of the head end of the bed; for whom assistance was required to change their position; and the patients whose position was changed less frequently (p < 0.05). The sacrum was the most common site for all the four stages of bedsores.

Conclusion

A bedsore incidence of 6% mandates an urgent need to improve the quality of patient care in various units of the hospital. Appropriate equipment, adequate manpower and administrative concern and accountability is the need of the hour.

How to cite this article

Kaur S, Singh A, Dhillon MS, Tewari MK, Sekhon PK. Incidence of Bedsore among the Admitted Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(1):26-31.

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Rajvir Kaur, Vijay Lakshami Sharma, Amarjeet Singh

Prevalence of Knee Osteoarthritis and Its Correlation in Women of Rural and Urban Parts of Hoshiarpur (Punjab)

[Year:2015] [Month:January-March] [Volume:49] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:32 - 36]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1139  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Kaur R, Sharma VL, Singh A. Prevalence of Knee Osteoarthritis and its Correlation in Women of Rural and Urban Parts of Hoshiarpur (Punjab). J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(1):32-36.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

Praveenkumar Ramdurg, Vijaylaxmi Mendigeri, Surekha Puranik

An Ounce of Prevention is Worth a Pound of Cure: Ergonomics in Dental Practice

[Year:2015] [Month:January-March] [Volume:49] [Number:1] [Pages:6] [Pages No:37 - 42]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1140  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Ramdurg P, Mendigeri V, Puranik S. An Ounce of Prevention is Worth a Pound of Cure: Ergonomics in Dental Practice. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(1):37-42.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

Nidhi Bhatnagar, Ravneet Kaur, Binod Kumar Patro

Journal Club: A Club for Medical Education!

[Year:2015] [Month:January-March] [Volume:49] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:43 - 45]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1141  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Bhatnagar N, Kaur R, Patro BK. Journal Club: A Club for Medical Education! J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(1):43-45.

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CASE REPORT

Devendra Chouhan, Vishal Kumar, Manish Kundanmal Kothari, Mandeep S Dhillon

Dissociation of Shaft of Humerus from Head in Threepart Fracture Dislocation due to Stress Concentration at Intramedullary Nail End

[Year:2015] [Month:January-March] [Volume:49] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:46 - 48]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1142  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Chouhan D, Kumar V, Kothari MK, Dhillon MS. Dissociation of Shaft of Humerus from Head in Three-part Fracture Dislocation due to Stress Concentration at Intramedullary Nail End. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(1): 46-48.

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CASE REPORT

Dinesh Kumar, Gyana Ranjan Sahu, Ajay Kumar, KK Mukherjee, Vidya Rattan

Traumatic Pseudoaneurysm of Internal Carotid Artery presenting as Intractable Epistaxis in a Case of Maxillary Fracture

[Year:2015] [Month:January-March] [Volume:49] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:49 - 51]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1143  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Kumar D, Sahu GR, Kumar A, Mukherjee KK, Rattan V. Traumatic Pseudoaneurysm of Internal Carotid Artery presenting as Intractable Epistaxis in a Case of Maxillary Fracture. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(1):49-51.

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Clinicopathological Conference Report

Anupam Lal, SK Singh, KL Gupta, Nandita Kakkar, Subhash C Varma, Balan Louis Gaspar

Gastric Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma presenting as Obstructive Uropathy: A Diagnostic Conundrum

[Year:2015] [Month:January-March] [Volume:49] [Number:1] [Pages:7] [Pages No:52 - 58]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1144  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

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