Disk herniation is common—it is seen in up to a quarter of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and can be detected even in asymptomatic adults. The slump test has become widely advocated as a neural tissue provocation test for clinical assessment of patients with spinal and lower limb pain. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensory and terminal knee extension limitation responses produced during slump test on radiculopathy affected and unaffected limb in patients with lumbar disk herniation.

To compare the sensory and knee range of motion (ROM) responses produced during slump test on affected and unaffected limb.

Fifty patients, 25 to 45 years of age chronic disk herniation patients with unilateral radiculopathy with/without lower backache. Patient underwent standardized history and physical examination followed by slump test. Outcomes included terminal knee extension limitations and sensory response produced in terms of intensity numeric rating scale (NRS), nature and location (pain drawings).

During slump test end position, NRS score and restricted terminal knee ROM comparative results were highly significant (p < 0.001). Based on nature and location of sensory response, maximum number of subjects in affected limb had pain in center of lower back radiating to whole lower limb and for unaffected limb stretch at back of knee.

In this study, it was suggested that though sensory and knee ROM responses are present in both affected and unaffected limb but the radiculopathy affected limb was more affected in terms of intensity of pain and limitation of motion.

Aggarwal A, Jayakrishnan S, Singh A. Sensory and Knee Range of Motion Responses of Slump Test on Unaffected and Radiculopathy Affected Limb in Patients with Lumbar Disk Herniation. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(1): 1-4.

Isokinetic exercises are effective in improving quadriceps peak torque and peak work in patients with ACL tear.

Aggarwal A, Adhya B, Dhillon MS. Effectiveness of Isokinetic Exercises in Preoperative Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears Rehabilitation. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(1):5-8.

Saini R, Kaur S, Das K. Stress, Stress Reactions, Job Stressors and Coping among Nurses Working in Intensive Care Units and General Wards of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Comparative Study. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016; 50(1):9-17.

Forty rats of mean weight 247.7 gm were used in the study. Amylase levels were measured at 60 minutes (groups A and C) and at 120 minutes (groups B and D) of reperfusion. Erythropoietin was administered only in groups C and D.

Erythropoietin administration kept non-significantly increased the A levels by 5.04 ± 6.12% (p = 0.3831). Reperfusion time kept non-significantly increased the A levels by 10.08 ± 5.95% (p = 0.0615). However, EPO administration and reperfusion time together produced a non-significant combined effect in keeping increased the A levels by 4.36 ± 3.65% (p = 0.2258)

Erythropoietin administration, reperfusion time and their interaction kept non-significantly short-term increased the amylase levels. The restorating effect of Epo is satisfactory, since it reduced the discrepancy from baseline values at non-significant level.

Tsompos C, Panoulis C, Toutouzas K, Zografos G, Papalois A. The Effect of Erythropoietin on Amylase Levels during Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(1):18-21.

To ascertain the determinants of CMF.

This hospital based age-sex matched pair case control study was done at advanced pediatric center (APC), obstetrics and gynecology department (ANC clinic, maternity ward, labor room, etc.) and special clinics, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India in 2008. The mothers were interviewed to collect information about risk factors.

Two hundred three CMF (under five children and gestational CMF) cases and same number of controls were studied. Significant association of CMF was observed with the use of sex selection drugs by mothers (OR = 4.35), habits of fathers like taking alcohol (OR = 3), smoking (OR = 4.5) and using tobacco (OR = 2.7). Mother's age at marriage < 18 years and history of abortion were also important predictors of CMF.

Most of the risk factors for CMF were avoidable viz. addiction, early marriage and use of sex selection drugs. People need to be educated about this.

Singh A, Sinha S. Risk Factors of Congenital Malformations in North India: A Case Control Study. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(1):22-27.

Singh R, Parchand SM, Singh R, Kumari N. Sutureless Vitrectomy for Repositioning of in-the-Bag Single Piece Acrylic Dislocated Intraocular Lens. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(1):28-29.

Bansal S, Chauhan N, Gupta AK. Foreign Body (Bullet) in Maxilla. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(1):30-32.

Yadav S, Yadav CS, Kumar N, Kumar A. Every Knee is not Osteoarthritic, Spontaneous Avascular Necrosis of the Medial Tibial Condyle. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(1):33-35.

Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) accounts for more than 75% of cases of vesical calculi in patients aged above 50 years. There are special group of patients who have large vesical calculus with localized adenocarcinoma prostate requiring treatment for both bladder calculi and malignancy. We are sharing our technique of extraperitoneal robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RRP) and removal of vesical calculus in two patients of localized adenocarcinoma prostate with large vesical calculus (≥ 4 cm). Two patients with localized prostate cancer with large vesical stone underwent simultaneous cystolithotomy and extraperitoneal radical prostatectomy. Their perioperative period was uneventful. Large vesical stones with localized prostate cancer can be easily managed simultaneously by an experienced robotic surgeon.

Bora GS, Dogra PN, Singh P. Robotic Management of Localized Adenocarcinoma Prostate with Large Vesical Calculus: A Report of Two Cases. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(1):36-38.

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome is a rare diagnosis in neonates. We present an extremely premature neonate presenting with bullous lesions all over the body on day 20 of life. The lesions ruptured leaving erythematous, tender raw areas. Nikolsky's sign was positive and clinical diagnosis of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome was made. His blood culture grew Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. His umbilical swab culture grew S. aureus. The baby was treated with by cloxacillin, piperacillin/tazobactum and clindamycin. The lesions healed in 7 days. The baby was discharged with normal skin and normal neurological condition.