Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research

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2016 | July-September | Volume 50 | Issue 3

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EDITORIAL

Platelet-rich Plasma in Osteoarthritis Knee: Status Report

[Year:2016] [Month:July-September] [Volume:50] [Number:3] [Pages:1] [Pages No:0 - 0]

   DOI: 10.5005/jpmer-50-3-iv  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

1,262

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Fardin Assadi, Parisa Khoshnevisasl, Mansor Sadeghzadeh, Korosh Kamali

Comparison of Two Methods: Problem-based Learning vs Lecture in Integrated Management of Childhood Illness Workshops

[Year:2016] [Month:July-September] [Volume:50] [Number:3] [Pages:4] [Pages No:123 - 126]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1203  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study was to compare problembased learning (PBL) with lecture presentation in education of clinical medical students in Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) workshops.

Materials and methods

This crossover interventional study was conducted on clinical medical students in pediatric disease department of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences. Fortyfour students were randomly divided into two groups and two subjects in IMCI courses were chosen. One of the topics was presented as lecture for the first group of students and as PBL for the second group. The second topic was presented as PBL for the first group and as lecture for the second group of students.

Results

The students’ scores in intervention groups for both topics of “loss of consciousness” and “management of diarrheal diseases” were significantly higher than controls. Each student got significantly higher score in subject presented as PBL. Students preferred PBL compared to lecture for increasing their motivation, a higher quality of education, knowledge retention, and class attractiveness.

Discussion

Besides the attractiveness of PBL, it seems that this method is more successful than lecture in increasing student's knowledge. We propose to use this method in workshops and medical education in clinic and hospital wards.

How to cite this article

Assadi F, Khoshnevisasl P, Sadeghzadeh M,Kamali K. Comparison of Two Methods: Problem-based Learning vs Lecture in Integrated Management of Childhood Illness Workshops. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(3):123-126

893

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

M Bhanukumar, Prasanna KH Ramaswamy, Naveen K Peddi, Vineetha B Menon

Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Distribution Width as Markers of Vascular Thrombosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

[Year:2016] [Month:July-September] [Volume:50] [Number:3] [Pages:5] [Pages No:127 - 131]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1204  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aims

The objective of the study was to determine the mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) compared to subjects without type 2 DM and their correlation with fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and duration of type 2 DM respectively.

Materials and methods

A prospective analytical case—control study was conducted involving 50 subjects with type 2 DM and 50 subjects without type 2 DM. The mean and standard deviation were estimated for both the groups separately and independent Student's “t”-test was used for evaluating the significant difference. The statistical evaluation was carried out at 95% confidence level.

Results

Mean MPV and PDW in case group was significantly higher compared to control group (p < 0.005). Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and duration of type 2 DM did not significantly alter MPV or PDW.

Conclusion

The study concludes that MPV and PDW are significantly increased in patients with type 2 DM compared to patients without type 2 DM. Platelet volume indices are an important, simple, and cost-effective tool that should be used and explored extensively, especially in countries, such as India, for predicting the possibility of impending acute vascular events in patients with type 2 DM.

Clinical significance

This analytical method helps us to use MPV and PDW as early markers of vascular thrombosis.

How to cite this article

Bhanukumar M, Ramaswamy PKH, Peddi NK, Menon VB. Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Distribution Width as Markers of Vascular Thrombosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(3):127-131.

3,656

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Jyoti Rattan

Biotechnological Inventions and Patent Law: National and International Perspective

[Year:2016] [Month:July-September] [Volume:50] [Number:3] [Pages:4] [Pages No:132 - 135]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1205  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Rattan J. Biotechnological Inventions and Patent Law: National and International Perspective. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(3):132-135.

5,465

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Diane Dennis, Lisa Marsh

Can Physiotherapists be trained to work in Critical Care utilizing Clinical Simulation?

[Year:2016] [Month:July-September] [Volume:50] [Number:3] [Pages:5] [Pages No:136 - 140]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1206  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aims

The intensive care unit (ICU) is an acute area requiring significant expertise and training. This study aimed to see if a novel package of simulation training of physiotherapists in ICU physiotherapy competencies would promote confidence and be less stressful compared to traditional training. The secondary aim was to see if simulation training was less costly in terms of training time and whether additional support staff hours required.

Materials and methods

Fifteen physiotherapists participated in the study, with two trainee cohorts (traditional, n = 5; simulation, n = 5) and supervising staff (n = 5). A simulation training program was implemented over 6 half days during 2013/2014. All participants then completed follow-up questionnaires. Data were also collected relating to training costs and cost of support provided to the trainee on commencement of independent work in the ICU.

Results

Respondents reported that simulation was extremely useful (> 4.75) and likely to reduce stress and improve confidence (> 3.8). All training components were useful (> 3.4) with simulation trainees perceiving the highest usefulness (4—4.8). Simulation training took less time per trainee (mean 3 vs 4.4 days), and less trainer time (total 9 vs 22 days). Costs incurred during 1st week of independent work were similar.

Discussion

This study has demonstrated that the delivery of a novel package of simulation scenarios was successful in improving the confidence of inexperienced physiotherapists moving into the ICU setting. The mode of up-skilling was also less expensive compared to the existing training model. Simulation may be useful for other health professionals in the critical care environment.

How to cite this article

Dennis D, Marsh L. Can Physiotherapists be trained to Work in Critical Care utilizing Clinical Simulation? J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(3):136-140.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

Puneet Chhabra, Surinder S Rana, Deepak K Bhasin, Nadeem Parvez, Deepak Gunjan, Lovneet Dhalaria

Appendicular Histology and Its Clinical Significance in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Prospective Study from North India

[Year:2016] [Month:July-September] [Volume:50] [Number:3] [Pages:7] [Pages No:141 - 147]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1207  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background and aims

The appendix may be involved in ulcerative colitis (UC) to variable extent. Clinical significance of appendicular involvement is not clear and it has long been considered an innocent bystander. This study prospectively investigated appendiceal histology and its clinical significance in patients with UC.

Materials and methods

Colonoscopy was performed in 60 patients and biopsies were taken from appendiceal orifice, cecum, and colon. Appendiceal histology was classified as active if there was presence of neutrophils with crypt distortion. Inactive inflammation was defined as positive for crypt distortion and negative for neutrophils. Otherwise the histology was reported as normal or nonspecific changes. The patients were followed for a minimum period of 6 months.

Results

In patients evaluated endoscopically, 63% patients had histological involvement of the appendiceal orifice. Pancolitis was seen more commonly in patients with appendicular orifice inflammation than in patients with normal appendicular histology (44.7 vs 9%, p = 0.001). Most patients with appendiceal orifice inflammation had involvement of the cecum. Skip lesion of the appendix without cecum involvement was seen in 37% of the patients. The patients with appendiceal orifice inflammation had a significantly higher grade of endoscopic colitis compared to patients with normal histology (p = 0.006). Relapse rate was higher in patients with appendiceal orifice inflammation than in patients with normal appendiceal histology (18.4 vs 9%), although the difference was insignificant (p = 0.329).

Conclusion

Appendicular involvement in ulcerative colitis is not uncommon. Its involvement may predict the course, extent, and severity of colitis.

How to cite this article

Parvez N, Rana SS, Nada R, Sharma V, Sharma R, Chhabra P, Gunjan D, Dhalaria L, Gupta R, Bhasin DK. Appendicular Histology and Its Clinical Significance in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Prospective Study from North India. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(3):141-147.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

Sharad Prabhakar, Mandeep Dhillon, Bhavuk Garg

Problems of Injury Surveillance and Documentation in Cricket: Indian Experience

[Year:2016] [Month:July-September] [Volume:50] [Number:3] [Pages:3] [Pages No:148 - 150]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1208  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Dhillon M, Garg B, Dhillon S, Prabhakar S. Problems of Injury Surveillance and Documentation in Cricket: Indian Experience. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(3):148-150.

3,951

REVIEW ARTICLE

Anindita Sinha, Mandeep Dhillon, Mahesh Prakash

Pictorial Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Common Sports Injuries of Knee

[Year:2016] [Month:July-September] [Volume:50] [Number:3] [Pages:5] [Pages No:151 - 155]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1209  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Prakash M, Sinha A, Dhillon M, Khandelwal N. Pictorial Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Common Sports Injuries of Knee. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(3):151-155.

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CASE REPORT

Shivaram R Komandla, Naresh K Monigari, Muralidhar V Danturulu

An Uncommon Cause of Pathological Fracture: Tenofovir-induced Osteomalacia and acquired Fanconi's Syndrome in a Retroviral Patient

[Year:2016] [Month:July-September] [Volume:50] [Number:3] [Pages:3] [Pages No:156 - 158]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1210  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Komandla SR, Monigari NK, Danturulu MV, Vidyasagar S. An Uncommon Cause of Pathological Fracture: Tenofovir-induced Osteomalacia and acquired Fanconi's Syndrome in a Retroviral Patient. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(3):156-158.

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CASE REPORT

Daisy Sahni, Tulika Gupta, Anjali Aggarwal, Aditya Aggarwal

Bilateral Variation of Lateral Root of Median Nerve traversing through Coracobrachialis Muscle

[Year:2016] [Month:July-September] [Volume:50] [Number:3] [Pages:3] [Pages No:159 - 161]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1211  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Aggarwal A, Gupta T, Aggarwal A, Sahni D. Bilateral Variation of Lateral Root of Median Nerve traversing through Coracobrachialis Muscle. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(3):159-161.

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Clinicopathological Conference Report

Anupam Lal, Raja Ramachandran

Lupus Vasculopathy: Is It all that Benign?

[Year:2016] [Month:July-September] [Volume:50] [Number:3] [Pages:11] [Pages No:162 - 172]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1212  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

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